LEX-LUMIS

Government of Maharashtra grants approval to MCIA under Institutional Arbitration Policy

In a bid to ensure that arbitration is the preferred means of dispute resolution for government entities, and in an effort to portray Mumbai as a proposed hub for international commercial arbitration, the Department of Law and Judiciary of the Government of Maharashtra (GoM) has vide circular dated 28 February 2017 certified the Mumbai Centre for International Arbitration (MCIA) as recognised arbitral institute for the purposes of its ‘Policy for Arbitration as a preferred mode of dispute resolution’ that was released by a government resolution dated 13 October 2016 (Resolution).

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Determination of well-known trade marks made easier in India

Pursuant to several ease of doing business initiatives of the Government of India, the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion on 6 March 2017 notified the Trade Mark Rules, 2017 (Rules) thereby repealing the erstwhile Trade Mark Rules, 2002. While making the filing procedure for new trade marks simpler by, inter-alia, reducing the total number of forms, the Rules have also provided for a new procedure for determination of well-known trade marks in India.

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RBI allows 100% FDI in Market Place Model of E-commerce under Automatic Route

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has on 9 March 2017 permitted 100% (one hundred per cent) foreign direct investment (FDI) in ‘market place model of e-commerce’ sector under automatic route and subject to certain conditions. However, the RBI has prohibited FDI in ‘inventory based model of e-commerce’. In this regard, the RBI issued the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident outside India) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2017 (Amendment Regulations).

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Indian Parliament amends Maternity Benefit Act, 1961; increases maternity leaves

The lower house of Indian Parliament (Lok Sabha) on 9 March 2017 passed the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2016 (Amendment Act) which was already passed by the upper house (Rajya Sabha) in August 2016. The Amendment Act amends the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (Act) and now only requires the assent of the President of India before it is published in the Official Gazette, post which it shall become the law.

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SEBI caps FPI investments in unlisted corporate debt securities and securitised debt instruments

Less than two days after the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) amended the SEBI (Foreign Portfolio Investors) Regulations, 2014 (Regulations) by way of an amendment notification dated 27 February 2017 (Amendment Notification), SEBI issued a fresh circular making further changes to the norms laid down for investments by foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) in unlisted corporate debt securities and securitised debt instruments vide a circular dated 28 February 2017 (Circular).

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SEBI amends FPI Regulations; expands investment avenues for FPIs

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) amended the SEBI (Foreign Portfolio Investors) Regulations, 2014 by way of an amendment notification dated 27 February 2017 (Amendment Notification).

The Amendment Notification now defines ‘offshore derivative instrument’ as any instrument, by whatever name called, which is issued overseas by a foreign portfolio investor (FPI) against securities held by it that are listed or proposed to be listed on any recognised stock exchange in India, or unlisted debt securities or securitised debt instruments, as its underlying.

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Regulations issued by Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India under the Insolvency Code

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) has through 3 (three) notifications dated 30 January 2017 issued following regulations under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016:

(i) IBBI (Advisory Committee) Regulations, 2017 (AC Regulations):
AC Regulations provide for IBBI’s power to constitute advisory committees to obtain expert advice for efficient discharge of its functions. IBBI may constitute advisory committees on service providers; corporate insolvency and liquidation; individual insolvency and bankruptcy; and such other subjects as IBBI may consider expedient. AC Regulations also provide for composition of such committees, rules of procedure for their meetings, fee payable to their members and so on.

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Key highlights of India’s Union Budget for the financial year 2017-2018

India’s Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley presented the Union Budget for the financial year (FY) 2017-2018 (Budget) before the Lok Sabha today. The key highlights of the Budget are set-out below:

1. Abolition of the Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB): The FIPB will be abolished in FY 2017-2018. A roadmap is likely to be introduced in relation to the same. Further liberalisation of the foreign direct investment policy is being considered by the Government of India.

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Indian Government relaxes norms under the Companies Act for IFSC Companies

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs, Government of India has vide 2 (two) notifications, both dated 4 January 2017, exempted the following companies from complying with certain provisions of the Companies Act, 2013:

(a) Specified IFSC public companies: Unlisted public companies which are licensed to operate bythe Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), or the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) from the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) located in an approved multi services Special Economic Zone (SEZ) set-up under the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 (SEZ Act); and

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Major Reforms & Legal Developments in India: Year 2019 at a Glance

First & foremost, we wish all our readers a very happy, healthy & prosperous 2020! Below are certain key reforms & legal developments in India during 2019 which we thought would be of interest: On 16 January 2019, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) through its circular, consolidated the existing framework and policy for External Commercial Borrowings (ECBs) and Rupee Denominated Bonds. The framework recategorizes the Track I, II and III ECBs along with masala bonds into ‘Foreign Currency denominated ECB’

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Corporate restructuring provisions under the Companies Act, 2013 notified and effective from today

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs has, vide a notification dated 7 December 2016 (Commencement Notification), notified certain provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 (Act) and has appointed 15 December 2016 as the effective date. Set out below is a summary of some of the provisions notified vide the Commencement Notification:

Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations

While most of the provisions under Chapter XV of the Act (Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations) have been notified vide the Commencement Notification, notably, section 234 which provides for merger or amalgamation of a company with a foreign company is yet to be notified. Key features of Chapter XV are as follows

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Transfer of Pending Legal Proceedings to National Company Law Tribunal

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs, vide a notification dated 7 December 2016, has notified the Companies (Transfer of Pending Proceedings) Rules, 2016 (TPP Rules) which would become effective from 15 December 2016, except rule 4 (pertaining to pending voluntary winding up proceedings) which would come into effect from 1 April 2017.

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Union Cabinet approves reforms to boost employment generation and exports in India

The Union Cabinet on 7 December 2016 approved a set of reforms, including simplification of labour laws, and providing production incentives through technology upgradation for the ‘Made-ups’ manufacturing sector. The key reforms are:

Contribution to the Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) has been made optional for employees earning less than INR 15,000 (Rupees fifteen thousand) per month.
Permissible overtime in the ‘Made-ups’ manufacturing sector has been increased to 100 hours per quarter.

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Maharashtra launches e-land management system for Aurangabad Industrial City

In order to promote ease of doing business and the “Make In India” Campaign, the Government of Maharashtra on 28 November 2016 launched the e-land management system for the Aurangabad Industrial City (AURIC) which enables businesses and individuals to apply for land in AURIC and also provides for online review and processing of applications filed in this regard, by the Aurangabad Industrial Township Limited.

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India finally repeals SICA

Pursuant to a notification dated 25 November 2016, the Ministry of Finance (MoF), Government of India has appointed 1 December 2016 as the date on which the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Repeal Act, 2003 (SICA Repeal Act) would come into force.

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India passes law for easier debt recovery – another significant step in ease of doing business

The Enforcement of Security Interest and Recovery of Debts Laws and Miscellaneous Provisions (Amendment) Act, 2016 (“Act”) was passed by the Indian Parliament on 9 August 2016 and was published in the Official Gazette on 16 August 2016 after receiving Presidential assent. The Act has amended 4 (four) legislations – the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (“SARFAESI Act”); the Recovery of Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (“RDDBFI Act”); the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 (“Stamp Act”); and the Depositories Act, 1996 (“Depositories Act”).

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India passes the biggest tax reform in 70 years – Goods & Services Tax Bill

The Indian Parliament on 8 August 2016, passed the much awaited and widely discussed legislation over the past several years, the Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty Second Amendment) Bill (commonly known as the “GST Bill”) to introduce Goods & Services Tax (GST) intending to subsume all indirect taxes under a single indirect taxation regime. The GST Bill is the biggest tax reform by India since its independence in 1947 which will certainly ease doing business in India once fully implemented. The GST Bill provides for levying GST on all transactions involving supply of goods and services, except those specifically excluded, by conferring concurrent taxing powers to both the Government of India (GoI) and the State Governments.

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Union Cabinet approves the Model Shops & Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Bill, 2016

The Union Cabinet on 29 June 2016, approved the Model Shops & Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Bill, 2016 (“Model Bill”), which was introduced by the Ministry of Labour and Employment in January this year. The Model Bill seeks to ensure uniformity of the legislative provisions in various states to facilitate the ease of doing business and generate employment opportunities. States can adopt or carry out necessary amendments in their respective laws in accordance with the Model Bill.

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The Ministry of Corporate Affairs notifies the constitution of the National Company Law Tribunal and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has, with effect from 1 June 2016, notified the constitution of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT), pursuant to which 11 (eleven) NCLT benches have been constituted with each bench exercising different territorial jurisdiction i.e. 2 (two) at New Delhi and 1 (one) each at Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Bengaluru, Chandigarh, Chennai, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Mumbai. The NCLAT will be situated in New Delhi.

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Reserve Bank of India permits deferred consideration in cross border share transfers

The Reserve Bank of India has on 20 May, 2016, notified the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident outside India) (Seventh Amendment) Regulations, 2016 (Amendment Regulations) pursuant to which:

(i) a purchaser in a cross border share transfer is permitted to make payment of up to 25 per cent of the total consideration on a deferred basis within a period not exceeding 18 months from the date of the share transfer agreement;

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India allows 100% FDI in E-commerce Marketplace Model

In yet another step towards pushing growth in the IT and service sector, the Government of India through the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (“DIPP”) has issued the “Guidelines for Foreign Direct Investment on E-commerce” vide a press note (2016 Series) on 29 March 2016 (“Guidelines”) thereby liberalizing and providing clarity to Foreign Direct Investment (“FDI”) in e-commerce sector in India. Under the Guidelines, DIPP has reiterated that while FDI is permitted up to 100% under the automatic route in Business-to-Business (“B2B”) e-commerce, the same is prohibited in Business-to-Consumer (“B2C”) e-commerce. However, FDI in B2C e-commerce is permitted in the following circumstances:

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Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion issues the ‘Guidelines for Foreign Direct Investment on E-commerce’

With the view of liberalizing and providing clarity to Foreign Direct Investment (“FDI”) in e-commerce sector in India, the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (“DIPP”) has issued the “Guidelines for Foreign Direct Investment on E-commerce” vide a press note (2016 Series) on 29 March 2016 (“Guidelines”). Under the Guidelines, DIPP has reiterated that while FDI is permitted up to a 100% under the automatic route in Business to Business e-commerce (“B2B”), the same is prohibited in Business to Consumer (“B2C”) e-commerce.

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The Payment of Bonus (Amendment) Act, 2015

The Payment of Bonus (Amendment) Act, 2015 (Act) received the assent of the President of India on 31 December 2015 and is deemed to have come into force on 01 April 2014. Some salient features of the Act are:

The definition of “employee” has been amended to mean any person (other than an apprentice) employed on a salary/ wage not exceeding INR 21,000 (Rupees twenty one thousand) per month in any industry to do any skilled or unskilled manual, supervisory, managerial, administrative, technical or clerical work for hire or reward, whether the terms of employment be express or implied.

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The year That was 2015: Major Reforms and Legal Developments

The year of 2015 can be recognised as the year for commencement of legal reforms in India. Some of the key legal developments during the year 2015 are as follows:

As a measure to improve the ease of doing business in India, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (“MCA”) issued:
The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2015 was enacted which removed the requirement of a minimum paid up share capital amount for private and public companies and requirement of special resolution for related party transaction and introduced provision stipulating punishment for contravention for acceptance of deposit from public.

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The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act, 2015

India has recently enacted a new legislation viz. The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Act, 2015 (“Act”) which is deemed to have come into force from 23 October 2015. Some salient features of the Act are:
· “Commercial dispute” has been defined to include, inter-alia, any dispute related to transactions between merchants, bankers, financiers and traders such as those relating to mercantile documents including enforcement and interpretation of such documents, construction and infrastructure contracts, including tenders,

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The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Bill, 2015

The Commercial Courts, Commercial Division and Commercial Appellate Division of High Courts Bill, 2015 (“Bill”) was passed by the Indian Parliament on 23 December 2015 and is deemed to have come into force on 23 October 2015. Some salient features of the Bill are:

“Commercial dispute” has been defined to include, inter-alia, any dispute related to transactions between merchants, bankers, financiers and traders such as those relating to mercantile documents including enforcement and interpretation of such documents, construction and infrastructure contracts,

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